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Abbas, N M A (2007) Construction claims in Saudi Arabia: a study of sources and associations of claims, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Strathclyde.

Abdalall, S (2017) Concurrent delay analysis in public works construction disputes: a cross-jurisdictional study of Egypt, Scotland and England, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Law School, University of Strathclyde.

Adjei-Kumi, T (1997) The development of an intelligent system for visual simulation of construction projects, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Al-Meshekeh, H S S (1991) The relationship between conflict management style and construction project effectiveness, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Alahmadi, N H (2018) Nudging contracting firms rivals within municipal road projects in Saudi Arabia to bid competitively, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Architecture , University of Strathclyde.

Bell, T (2018) A detailed investigation into the engineering properties and challenges affecting the potential introduction of a UK grown dowel-laminated timber floor panel into the domestic construction market, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Architecture, University of Strathclyde.

Branki, C N E (1995) Agents, applications, and interactions in collaborative building design, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Campos, C R (2023) Simplified Matlab calculation tool for LCA optimization of domestic buildings, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Charley, J (1995) The dialectic of the built environment: A study in the historical transformation of labour and space, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Coffey, M (1995) The propensity for participation in mechanical and electrical sub-contractors in the British construction industry, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Collins, H J (2007) Identity and interpretation of the built environment: a case study of interpretation of symbolic artefacts in the organisational built environment and it's effect on the identity forming process, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Craigen, A (1990) Britain's school building estate: evaluation by life cycle for effective maintenance, with an illustrated study on Glasgow schools, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Cummings, A J G (1980) The York Buildings Company: A case study in eighteenth century corporation mismanagement, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Duncheva, T A (2019) Offsite timber systems multi-factor productivity index, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Architecture , University of Strathclyde.

Hajjah Dayang Suzana, B H A A (2006) An exploration of the business environment of the construction industry of Negara Brunei Darussalam: in the context of public-private partnerships, privatisation and private finance initiatives, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Architecture and Building Science , University of Strathclyde.

Hand, J W (1998) Removing barriers to the use of simulation in the building design professions, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Hassanien, A (2003) Analysing hotel repositioning through property renovation in the hospitality industry, Unpublished PhD Thesis, The Scottish Hotel School , University of Strathclyde.

Hughes, J (2020) Global claims in engineering and construction contracts, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Law School , University of Strathclyde.

Ibrahim, W A B (2016) Regulatory framework for adjudicators in the Malaysian construction industry, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Law School , University of Strathclyde.

Makulsawatudom, A (2003) Construction productivity measurement and improvement in Thailand by improved work-sampling, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Architecture and Building Science, University of Strathclyde.

Mansfield, N R (1990) The internationalisation of the British construction consulting sector and technology transfer in developing countries, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Marketing , University of Strathclyde.

McElroy, L B (2009) Embedding integrated building performance assessment in design practice, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Architecture and Building Science , University of Strathclyde.

McLellan, R (1994) The use of project management procedures by construction contractors, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Civil Engineering , University of Strathclyde.

Mohd Nor, M F I (2019) The development of a pedagogical framework for the integration of building information modelling in the architecture degree programme in Malaysia, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Architecture , University of Strathclyde.

Morbitzer, C A (2003) Towards the integration of simulation into the building design process, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Nakhi, A E (1995) Adaptive construction modelling within whole building dynamic simulation, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Newton, S (1983) Analysis of construction economics: a cost simulation model, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Architecture and Building Science , University of Strathclyde.

Orsaah, S (1984) Perception and management of risk in the construction industry, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Marketing , University of Strathclyde.

Salamati, A A (2001) Urban housing design in Iran in response to socio-cultural and environmental conditions, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Architecture and Building Science, University of Strathclyde.

Sinha, S (2006) Skill based framework for measuring complexity of construction projects, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Tennant, S (2007) Site management teams and project performance in the UK construction industry, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Department of Architecture , University of Strathclyde.

Verzobio, A (2020) Supporting rational decision-making in civil engineering, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Walters, R J (1983) An evaluation of user experience of CAAD: With particular reference to health buildings, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Wools, R M (1971) The subjective appraisal of buildings, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Yakubu, S U-N (2017) The barriers to the implementation and enforcement of the Building Code Standards Structural Provisions for mid-rise residential buildings: the case of Nigeria, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

Zhang, L (2022) Risk management framework to guide off-site manufacturing process: a Chinese perspective, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.

  • Type: Thesis
  • Keywords: bidding; industry development; manufacturing; off-site construction; risk management; consultant; China; probability; case study; qualitative research; quantitative research; questionnaire survey; time overrun; construction method; interview
  • ISBN/ISSN:
  • URL: https://doi.org/10.48730/69se-re06
  • Abstract:
    In China, demands for housing and infrastructure have increased significantly in recent years. However, such problems as extra costs, time overruns, and low quality still afflict the Chinese construction industry. It is imperative that the researcher find an alternative and novel method to solve the problem. Off-Site Construction (OSC) methods are often introduced to address quality, cost, and delivery (QCD) problems in the current situation. Many such OSC organisations have been established in China over the past decade, providing good practice for Chinese OSC industry development. In order to implement the OSC method successfully, the process and features of the OSC method need to be elucidated. It is also necessary to understand the differences arising between traditional construction methods and those of OSC, the application of which may result in unique risk factors arising within the OSC approach. Previous articles presented many risks associated with OSC projects. However, only a few articles have thus far considered the risk factors that influence off-site manufacturing (OSM) processes, and there is currently no risk response method for OSM. Therefore, this research aims to develop a risk management framework to reduce the negative effect(s) caused by OSM risk in China. In this research, a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative method and quantitative method was employed. Through the review of article, an introduction to OSC and OSM was presented. Semi-structured interviews were conducted as part of the qualitative research process. Thirty participants were interviewed. Based on the interview data, 3 sub-types, 13 groups, and 77 risk factors were identified and defined for the OSM process in China. As a consequence, a risk influence diagram reflecting the relationships arising between risk factors and QCD was developed. In order to identify the significant risk factors for the OSM process, a questionnaire survey was then developed based on the 77 risk factors identified from the interviews. 436 OSC practitioners participated in this quantitative research aspect and the researcher was able to identify the significant risk factors by evaluating the probability and impact of each risk via a five-point Likert Scale. The questionnaire identified 28 significant risk factors that could cause QCD problems to arise within OSC projects. Based on the interviews and questionnaire data, a risk management framework was developed. In order to validate the significant risk factors and response methods, the OSM risk management framework was validated by case studies conducted for 2 OSC organisations. After the case study process had concluded, the OSM risk management framework was refined and presented. This research identified 3 risk types, 11 risk groups and 28 risk factors for OSM risk management. The significant OSM risk factor in China is caused by high initial cost, consultant lack of OSC experience and contract bidding problems. The risk management framework was divided into 4 groups: principles, framework development, process, and participant. The proposed OSM risk management framework seeks to help OSM organisations in China deal with risks pertaining to the OSC projects. This framework could help to identify those risk factors within the OSM process that may adversely affect QCD on the OSC project and presents the proposed response methods for each significant risk factor. Based on the type of organisation, the appropriate risk response method can be chosen from avoidance, transfer, reduction and retention. Thus, this framework is suitable for Chinese OSM organisations in helping them to understand the major barriers pertaining to the current situation. It may also have the potential to become a risk management guide for global OSM organisations.

Zubairu, M (1990) Sites and services housing development: Strategies for improving the effective demand for projects by low-income families in the urban areas of Nigeria, Unpublished PhD Thesis, , University of Strathclyde.